/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.apache.commons.imaging.formats.ico;

import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;

import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.commons.imaging.Imaging;
import org.apache.commons.imaging.ImagingException;
import org.apache.commons.imaging.common.AbstractBinaryOutputStream;
import org.apache.commons.imaging.internal.Debug;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;

public class IcoRoundtripTest extends AbstractIcoTest {
    private interface BitmapGenerator {
        byte[] generateBitmap(int foreground, int background, int paletteSize) throws IOException, ImagingException;
    }

    private static final class GeneratorFor16BitBitmaps implements BitmapGenerator {
        @Override
        public byte[] generateBitmap(final int foreground, final int background, final int paletteSize) throws IOException, ImagingException {
            try (ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
                    AbstractBinaryOutputStream bos = AbstractBinaryOutputStream.littleEndian(byteArrayStream)) {
                // Palette
                for (int i = 0; i < paletteSize; i++) {
                    bos.write4Bytes(0);
                }
                // Image
                for (int y = 15; y >= 0; y--) {
                    for (int x = 0; x < 16; x++) {
                        if (IMAGE[y][x] == 1) {
                            bos.write2Bytes(0x1f & foreground >> 3 | (0x1f & foreground >> 11) << 5 | (0x1f & foreground >> 19) << 10);
                        } else {
                            bos.write2Bytes(0x1f & background >> 3 | (0x1f & background >> 11) << 5 | (0x1f & background >> 19) << 10);
                        }
                    }
                }
                // Mask
                for (int y = IMAGE.length - 1; y >= 0; y--) {
                    bos.write(0);
                    bos.write(0);
                    // Pad to 4 bytes:
                    bos.write(0);
                    bos.write(0);
                }
                bos.flush();
                return byteArrayStream.toByteArray();
            }
        }
    }

    private static final class GeneratorFor1BitBitmaps implements BitmapGenerator {
        @Override
        public byte[] generateBitmap(final int foreground, final int background, final int paletteSize) throws IOException, ImagingException {
            try (ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
                    AbstractBinaryOutputStream bos = AbstractBinaryOutputStream.littleEndian(byteArrayStream)) {
                // Palette
                bos.write3Bytes(background);
                bos.write(0);
                bos.write3Bytes(foreground);
                bos.write(0);
                for (int i = 2; i < paletteSize; i++) {
                    bos.write4Bytes(0);
                }
                // Image
                for (int y = 15; y >= 0; y--) {
                    for (int x = 0; x < 16; x += 8) {
                        bos.write((0x1 & IMAGE[y][x]) << 7 | (0x1 & IMAGE[y][x + 1]) << 6 | (0x1 & IMAGE[y][x + 2]) << 5 | (0x1 & IMAGE[y][x + 3]) << 4
                                | (0x1 & IMAGE[y][x + 4]) << 3 | (0x1 & IMAGE[y][x + 5]) << 2 | (0x1 & IMAGE[y][x + 6]) << 1 | (0x1 & IMAGE[y][x + 7]) << 0);
                    }
                    // Pad to multiple of 32 bytes
                    bos.write(0);
                    bos.write(0);
                }
                // Mask
                for (int y = IMAGE.length - 1; y >= 0; y--) {
                    bos.write(0);
                    bos.write(0);
                    // Pad to 4 bytes:
                    bos.write(0);
                    bos.write(0);
                }
                bos.flush();
                return byteArrayStream.toByteArray();
            }
        }
    }

    private static final class GeneratorFor24BitBitmaps implements BitmapGenerator {
        @Override
        public byte[] generateBitmap(final int foreground, final int background, final int paletteSize) throws IOException, ImagingException {
            try (ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
                    AbstractBinaryOutputStream bos = AbstractBinaryOutputStream.littleEndian(byteArrayStream)) {
                // Palette
                for (int i = 0; i < paletteSize; i++) {
                    bos.write4Bytes(0);
                }
                // Image
                for (int y = 15; y >= 0; y--) {
                    for (int x = 0; x < 16; x++) {
                        if (IMAGE[y][x] == 1) {
                            bos.write3Bytes(0xffffff & foreground);
                        } else {
                            bos.write3Bytes(0xffffff & background);
                        }
                    }
                }
                // Mask
                for (int y = IMAGE.length - 1; y >= 0; y--) {
                    bos.write(0);
                    bos.write(0);
                    // Pad to 4 bytes:
                    bos.write(0);
                    bos.write(0);
                }
                bos.flush();
                return byteArrayStream.toByteArray();
            }
        }
    }

    private static final class GeneratorFor32BitBitmaps implements BitmapGenerator {
        public byte[] generate32bitRGBABitmap(final int foreground, final int background, final int paletteSize, final boolean writeMask) throws IOException {
            try (ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
                    AbstractBinaryOutputStream bos = AbstractBinaryOutputStream.littleEndian(byteArrayStream)) {
                // Palette
                for (int i = 0; i < paletteSize; i++) {
                    bos.write4Bytes(0);
                }
                // Image
                for (int y = 15; y >= 0; y--) {
                    for (int x = 0; x < 16; x++) {
                        if (IMAGE[y][x] == 1) {
                            bos.write4Bytes(foreground);
                        } else {
                            bos.write4Bytes(background);
                        }
                    }
                }
                // Mask
                if (writeMask) {
                    for (int y = IMAGE.length - 1; y >= 0; y--) {
                        bos.write(0);
                        bos.write(0);
                        // Pad to 4 bytes:
                        bos.write(0);
                        bos.write(0);
                    }
                }
                bos.flush();
                return byteArrayStream.toByteArray();
            }
        }

        @Override
        public byte[] generateBitmap(final int foreground, final int background, final int paletteSize) throws IOException, ImagingException {
            return generate32bitRGBABitmap(foreground, background, paletteSize, true);
        }
    }

    private static final class GeneratorFor4BitBitmaps implements BitmapGenerator {
        @Override
        public byte[] generateBitmap(final int foreground, final int background, final int paletteSize) throws IOException, ImagingException {
            try (ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
                    AbstractBinaryOutputStream bos = AbstractBinaryOutputStream.littleEndian(byteArrayStream)) {
                // Palette
                bos.write3Bytes(background);
                bos.write(0);
                bos.write3Bytes(foreground);
                bos.write(0);
                for (int i = 2; i < paletteSize; i++) {
                    bos.write4Bytes(0);
                }
                // Image
                for (int y = 15; y >= 0; y--) {
                    for (int x = 0; x < 16; x += 2) {
                        bos.write((0xf & IMAGE[y][x]) << 4 | 0xf & IMAGE[y][x + 1]);
                    }
                }
                // Mask
                for (int y = IMAGE.length - 1; y >= 0; y--) {
                    bos.write(0);
                    bos.write(0);
                    // Pad to 4 bytes:
                    bos.write(0);
                    bos.write(0);
                }
                bos.flush();
                return byteArrayStream.toByteArray();
            }
        }
    }

    private static final class GeneratorFor8BitBitmaps implements BitmapGenerator {
        @Override
        public byte[] generateBitmap(final int foreground, final int background, final int paletteSize) throws IOException, ImagingException {
            try (ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
                    AbstractBinaryOutputStream bos = AbstractBinaryOutputStream.littleEndian(byteArrayStream)) {
                // Palette
                bos.write3Bytes(background);
                bos.write(0);
                bos.write3Bytes(foreground);
                bos.write(0);
                for (int i = 2; i < paletteSize; i++) {
                    bos.write4Bytes(0);
                }
                // Image
                for (int y = 15; y >= 0; y--) {
                    for (int x = 0; x < 16; x++) {
                        bos.write(IMAGE[y][x]);
                    }
                }
                // Mask
                for (int y = IMAGE.length - 1; y >= 0; y--) {
                    bos.write(0);
                    bos.write(0);
                    // Pad to 4 bytes:
                    bos.write(0);
                    bos.write(0);
                }
                bos.flush();
                return byteArrayStream.toByteArray();
            }
        }
    }

    // 16x16 test image
    private static final int[][] IMAGE = { { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
            { 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 },
            { 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 }, { 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
            { 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
            { 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0 }, { 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 },
            { 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 }, { 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 },
            { 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 }, { 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0 },
            { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 } };

    private final Map<Integer, BitmapGenerator> generatorMap = new HashMap<>();

    public IcoRoundtripTest() {
        generatorMap.put(1, new GeneratorFor1BitBitmaps());
        generatorMap.put(4, new GeneratorFor4BitBitmaps());
        generatorMap.put(8, new GeneratorFor8BitBitmaps());
        generatorMap.put(16, new GeneratorFor16BitBitmaps());
        generatorMap.put(24, new GeneratorFor24BitBitmaps());
        generatorMap.put(32, new GeneratorFor32BitBitmaps());
    }

    @Test
    public void test32bitMask() throws Exception {
        final int foreground = 0xFFF000E0;
        final int background = 0xFF102030;
        final ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        try (AbstractBinaryOutputStream bos = AbstractBinaryOutputStream.littleEndian(baos)) {
            // For 32 bit RGBA, the AND mask can be missing:
            final byte[] bitmap = new GeneratorFor32BitBitmaps().generate32bitRGBABitmap(foreground, background, 0, false);
            writeICONDIR(bos, 0, 1, 1);
            writeICONDIRENTRY(bos, 16, 16, 0, 0, 1, 32, 40 + bitmap.length);
            writeBITMAPINFOHEADER(bos, 16, 2 * 16, 1, 32, 0, 0, 0);
            bos.write(bitmap);
            bos.flush();
        }
        writeAndReadImageData("16x16x32-no-mask", baos.toByteArray(), foreground, background);
    }

    @Test
    public void testAlphaVersusANDMask() throws Exception {
        final ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        try (AbstractBinaryOutputStream bos = AbstractBinaryOutputStream.littleEndian(baos)) {
            final byte[] bitmap = new GeneratorFor32BitBitmaps().generate32bitRGBABitmap(0xFF000000, 0x00000000, 0, true);
            writeICONDIR(bos, 0, 1, 1);
            writeICONDIRENTRY(bos, 16, 16, 0, 0, 1, 32, 40 + bitmap.length);
            writeBITMAPINFOHEADER(bos, 16, 2 * 16, 1, 32, 0, 0, 0);
            bos.write(bitmap);
            bos.flush();
        }
        // The AND mask is fully opaque, yet the fully transparent alpha should
        // win:
        writeAndReadImageData("16x16x32-alpha-vs-mask", baos.toByteArray(), 0xFF000000, 0x00000000);
    }

    @Test
    public void testBadICONDIRENTRYIcons() throws Exception {
        final int foreground = 0xFFF000E0;
        final int background = 0xFF102030;
        // Windows ignores the ICONDIRENTRY values when parsing the ICO file.
        for (final Map.Entry<Integer, BitmapGenerator> entry : generatorMap.entrySet()) {
            final int bitDepth = entry.getKey();
            final BitmapGenerator bitmapGenerator = entry.getValue();

            final ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            try (AbstractBinaryOutputStream bos = AbstractBinaryOutputStream.littleEndian(baos)) {
                final byte[] bitmap = bitmapGenerator.generateBitmap(foreground, background, bitDepth <= 8 ? 1 << bitDepth : 0);
                writeICONDIR(bos, 0, 1, 1);
                writeICONDIRENTRY(bos, 3 /* width, should be 16 */, 4 /*
                                                                       * height, should be 16
                                                                       */, 7 /*
                                                                              * colorCount , should be 2 or 0
                                                                              */, 20 /* reserved, should be 0 */, 11 /*
                                                                                                                      * planes, should be 1 or 0
                                                                                                                      */, 19 /*
                                                                                                                              * bitCount, should be bitDepth
                                                                                                                              */, 40 + bitmap.length);
                writeBITMAPINFOHEADER(bos, 16, 2 * 16, 1, bitDepth, 0, 0, 0);
                bos.write(bitmap);
                bos.flush();
            }
            writeAndReadImageData("16x16x" + bitDepth + "-corrupt-icondirentry", baos.toByteArray(), foreground, background);
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testBitfieldCompression() throws Exception {
        final ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        try (AbstractBinaryOutputStream bos = AbstractBinaryOutputStream.littleEndian(baos)) {
            final byte[] bitmap = new GeneratorFor32BitBitmaps().generate32bitRGBABitmap(0xFFFF0000, 0xFFFFFFFF, 0, true);
            writeICONDIR(bos, 0, 1, 1);
            writeICONDIRENTRY(bos, 16, 16, 0, 0, 1, 32, 40 + bitmap.length);
            writeBITMAPINFOHEADER(bos, 16, 2 * 16, 1, 32, 3 /* BI_BITFIELDS */, 0, 0);
            bos.write4Bytes(0x000000FF); // red mask
            bos.write4Bytes(0x0000FF00); // green mask
            bos.write4Bytes(0x00FF0000); // blue mask
            bos.write(bitmap);
            bos.flush();
        }
        writeAndReadImageData("16x16x32-bitfield-compressed", baos.toByteArray(), 0xFF0000FF, 0xFFFFFFFF);
    }

    @Test
    public void testColorsUsed() throws Exception {
        final int foreground = 0xFFF000E0;
        final int background = 0xFF102030;
        for (final Map.Entry<Integer, BitmapGenerator> entry : generatorMap.entrySet()) {
            final int bitDepth = entry.getKey();
            final BitmapGenerator bitmapGenerator = entry.getValue();

            final ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            try (AbstractBinaryOutputStream bos = AbstractBinaryOutputStream.littleEndian(baos)) {
                final byte[] bitmap = bitmapGenerator.generateBitmap(foreground, background, 2);
                writeICONDIR(bos, 0, 1, 1);
                writeICONDIRENTRY(bos, 3, 4, 7, 20, 11, 19, 40 + bitmap.length);
                writeBITMAPINFOHEADER(bos, 16, 2 * 16, 1, bitDepth, 0, 2, 0);
                bos.write(bitmap);
                bos.flush();
                writeAndReadImageData("16x16x" + bitDepth + "-custom-palette", baos.toByteArray(), foreground, background);
            }
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testFullyTransparent32bitRGBA() throws Exception {
        final ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        try (AbstractBinaryOutputStream bos = AbstractBinaryOutputStream.littleEndian(baos)) {
            final byte[] bitmap = new GeneratorFor32BitBitmaps().generate32bitRGBABitmap(0x00000000, 0x00FFFFFF, 0, true);
            writeICONDIR(bos, 0, 1, 1);
            writeICONDIRENTRY(bos, 16, 16, 0, 0, 1, 32, 40 + bitmap.length);
            writeBITMAPINFOHEADER(bos, 16, 2 * 16, 1, 32, 0, 0, 0);
            bos.write(bitmap);
            bos.flush();
        }
        // Because every pixel is fully transparent, ***ALPHA GETS IGNORED***:
        writeAndReadImageData("16x16x32-fully-transparent", baos.toByteArray(), 0xFF000000, 0xFFFFFFFF);
    }

    @Test
    public void testNormalIcons() throws Exception {
        final int foreground = 0xFFF000E0;
        final int background = 0xFF102030;
        for (final Map.Entry<Integer, BitmapGenerator> entry : generatorMap.entrySet()) {
            final int bitDepth = entry.getKey();
            final BitmapGenerator bitmapGenerator = entry.getValue();

            final ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            try (AbstractBinaryOutputStream bos = AbstractBinaryOutputStream.littleEndian(baos)) {
                final byte[] bitmap = bitmapGenerator.generateBitmap(foreground, background, bitDepth <= 8 ? 1 << bitDepth : 0);
                writeICONDIR(bos, 0, 1, 1);
                writeICONDIRENTRY(bos, 16, 16, 0, 0, 1, bitDepth, 40 + bitmap.length);
                writeBITMAPINFOHEADER(bos, 16, 2 * 16, 1, bitDepth, 0, 0, 0);
                bos.write(bitmap);
                bos.flush();
                writeAndReadImageData("16x16x" + bitDepth, baos.toByteArray(), foreground, background);
            }
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testZeroColorPlanes() throws Exception {
        final int foreground = 0xFFF000E0;
        final int background = 0xFF102030;
        for (final Map.Entry<Integer, BitmapGenerator> entry : generatorMap.entrySet()) {
            final int bitDepth = entry.getKey();
            final BitmapGenerator bitmapGenerator = entry.getValue();

            final ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            try (AbstractBinaryOutputStream bos = AbstractBinaryOutputStream.littleEndian(baos)) {
                final byte[] bitmap = bitmapGenerator.generateBitmap(foreground, background, bitDepth <= 8 ? 1 << bitDepth : 0);
                writeICONDIR(bos, 0, 1, 1);
                writeICONDIRENTRY(bos, 16, 16, 0, 0, 1, bitDepth, 40 + bitmap.length);
                writeBITMAPINFOHEADER(bos, 16, 2 * 16, 0 /* should be 1 */, bitDepth, 0, 0, 0);
                bos.write(bitmap);
                bos.flush();
            }

            assertThrows(ImagingException.class,
                    () -> writeAndReadImageData("16x16x" + bitDepth + "-zero-colorPlanes", baos.toByteArray(), foreground, background));
        }
    }

    private void verify(final BufferedImage data, final int foreground, final int background) {
        assertNotNull(data);
        assertEquals(data.getHeight(), IMAGE.length);

        for (int y = 0; y < data.getHeight(); y++) {
            assertEquals(data.getWidth(), IMAGE[y].length);
            for (int x = 0; x < data.getWidth(); x++) {
                final int imageARGB = IMAGE[y][x] == 1 ? foreground : background;
                final int dataARGB = data.getRGB(x, y);

                if (imageARGB != dataARGB) {
                    Debug.debug("x: " + x + ", y: " + y + ", image: " + imageARGB + " (0x" + Integer.toHexString(imageARGB) + ")" + ", data: " + dataARGB
                            + " (0x" + Integer.toHexString(dataARGB) + ")");
                }
                assertEquals(imageARGB, dataARGB);
            }
        }
    }

    private void writeAndReadImageData(final String description, final byte[] rawData, final int foreground, final int background)
            throws IOException, ImagingException {
        // Uncomment to generate ICO files that can be tested with Windows:
        // File exportFile = new File("/tmp/" + description + ".ico");
        // IoUtils.writeToFile(rawData, exportFile);

        final File tempFile = Files.createTempFile("temp", ".ico").toFile();
        FileUtils.writeByteArrayToFile(tempFile, rawData);

        final BufferedImage dstImage = Imaging.getBufferedImage(tempFile);

        assertNotNull(dstImage);
        assertEquals(dstImage.getWidth(), IMAGE[0].length);
        assertEquals(dstImage.getHeight(), IMAGE.length);

        verify(dstImage, foreground, background);
    }

    private void writeBITMAPINFOHEADER(final AbstractBinaryOutputStream bos, final int width, final int height, final int colorPlanes, final int bitCount,
            final int compression, final int colorsUsed, final int colorsImportant) throws IOException {
        // BITMAPINFOHEADER
        bos.write4Bytes(40); // biSize, always 40 for BITMAPINFOHEADER
        bos.write4Bytes(width); // biWidth
        bos.write4Bytes(height); // biHeight
        bos.write2Bytes(colorPlanes); // biPlanes
        bos.write2Bytes(bitCount); // bitCount
        bos.write4Bytes(compression); // biCompression
        bos.write4Bytes(0); // biSizeImage, can be 0 for uncompressed
        bos.write4Bytes(0); // X pixels per metre
        bos.write4Bytes(0); // Y pixels per metre
        bos.write4Bytes(colorsUsed); // colors used, ignored
        bos.write4Bytes(colorsImportant); // colors important
    }

    private void writeICONDIR(final AbstractBinaryOutputStream bos, final int reserved, final int type, final int count) throws IOException {
        bos.write2Bytes(reserved);
        bos.write2Bytes(type);
        bos.write2Bytes(count);
    }

    private void writeICONDIRENTRY(final AbstractBinaryOutputStream bos, final int width, final int height, final int colorCount, final int reserved,
            final int planes, final int bitCount, final int bytesInRes) throws IOException {
        bos.write(width);
        bos.write(height);
        bos.write(colorCount);
        bos.write(reserved);
        bos.write2Bytes(planes);
        bos.write2Bytes(bitCount);
        bos.write4Bytes(bytesInRes);
        bos.write4Bytes(22); // image comes immediately after this
    }
}
